The All India Muslim Personal Law Board (AIMPLB) is an independent, non-governmental organization established in 1973 to protect and promote the application of Muslim Personal Law (Shariat) in India. It serves as a representative body of Indian Muslims, addressing issues related to family law, marriage, divorce, inheritance, and other matters governed by Sharia. The board comprises Islamic scholars, legal experts, and community leaders who aim to uphold the religious and legal rights of Muslims in India, advocating for the preservation of Islamic laws in a secular and pluralistic legal system.

The AIMPLB has played a significant role in representing Muslim interests in various high-profile legal cases, such as those related to the Shah Bano case in 1985, the Babri Masjid-Ram Janmabhoomi dispute, and the Triple Talaq case in 2017. It also issues guidance and opinions (fatwas) on matters of Islamic law, aiming to unify interpretations of personal law across sects, including Sunni and Shia.

The board has often found itself at the center of controversies, particularly in debates about Uniform Civil Code (UCC), women's rights, and reforms within Muslim personal laws. While the AIMPLB maintains that personal laws are an integral part of religious freedom guaranteed under the Indian Constitution, critics argue that certain provisions, like those related to polygamy and divorce, need reforms to ensure gender equality.